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Project

Chemistry and the Environment Division (VI)

 

Number: 2004-015-1-600

Title: Environmental colloids: behavior, structure and characterization

Task Group
Chairmen:
Kevin Wilkinson and Jamie R. Lead (co-editor)

Members: E. Balnois, F. Doucet, N. Fatin-Rouge, M. Filella, J.F. Gaillard, L. Guo, M. Hasselhov, J.I. Kim, J.R. Lawrence, D. Perret, P.H. Santschi, and P. Schmitt Kopplin

Completion Date: 2006 - project completed

Objective:
The objective of this book will be to examine, through critical reviews, some of the important novel techniques for characterizing colloidal/ particulate systems. The focus of the book will be on techniques that were not examined in previous books (Vol. 1 and 2 in the IUPAC series) in addition to techniques for which major advances have been made in the last decade.

Description:
The project consists in the production of a book having the objectives described above. The book will be published as one volume in the IUPAC Series on "Analytical and Physical Chemistry of Environmental Systems".

To our knowledge, there are no other books currently available which deal directly with current state-of-the-art techniques in colloidal characterization. This book will present critical reviews of the state-of-the-art knowledge of environmental particles. This will include reviews of our current understanding of the structure, role and behavior of environmental particles, and will focus directly on aquatic systems and soils, although most of the chapters will also be directly relevant to the atmosphere. In this book, environmental colloids will include organic, inorganic and biological material and composites of these different types with a size greater than approximately 1 nm. Chemical, physical and biological processes and interactions involving particles will be described. There will be substantial critical assessment of techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterization of particles. Particular attention will be paid to non-perturbing and quantitative approaches that take account of particle heterogeneity and polydispersity. Most of the focus will be on the recent (past 10 years) developments in techniques. For instance, chapters on relatively standard techniques such as filtration, electron microscopy (EM) and field-flow fractionation (FFF) will primarily review the more recent aspects of the techniques e.g. the use and development of cross flow filtration and the coupling of novel analytical techniques with FFF. In addition, there will be a discussion of some of the newer methods that have been developed and applied over this time frame, including capillary electrophoresis (CE), laser induced breakdown detection (LIBD), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), confocal laser scanning microscopy, SPLITT and the synchotron based techniques.

Each chapter is expected to give, for the corresponding topic, a brief introduction general enough to enable the non-specialist to enter the field. Detailed, critical discussion about the theoretical and experimental aspects of the methods as well as the needed developments and possible recommendations will be given in the rest of the chapters.

Progress:
The project is well underway and should be completed in Spring 2005. Chapter first drafts have been received and read by the editors and several authors. An authors' meeting and colloid workshop was held in Birmingham (GB) in late September 2004 in order to discuss and improve the chapters. Thoroughly revised chapters are now being received and sent for external review (editors, series editors, reviewers).

This project was presented at a poster session at the IUPAC Congress/GA July 2005
>view pdf - 128KB<

Technical review will begin in January 2005. The review process should be completed in March 2005 at which time the chapters will be submitted to the Division president. We expect the chapters to be delivered to Wiley in the spring of 2005 in order to ensure a late 2005 publication.

Draft Outline
1. The characterisation of environmental colloids : what information is (still) required?, J.R. Lead, K.J. Wilkinson
2. Properties of environmental particles, M. Filella
3. Colloid-trace element interactions in aquatic systems, F. Doucet, P. Santschi, J.R. Lead
4. Ultrafiltration technique and its application to sampling aquatic colloids, L. Guo, P. Santschi
5. Environmental applications of Field-flow fractionation and SPLITT, M. Hasselhov, F. von der Kammer and R. Beckett
6. Modern electrophoretic techniques for the characterization of organic environmental colloids, P. Schmitt-Kopplin, J. Junkers
7. Strategies and advances in the characterization of aquatic colloids by electron microscopy, D. Mavrocordatos, D. Perret, G.G. Leppard
8. Force microscopy and force measurements of environmental colloids, E. Balnois, G. Papastavrou, K.J. Wilkinson
9. Laser scanning microscopy of environmental particles, J. Lawrence, T. Neu
10. Study of environmental systems by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy , N. Fatin-Rouge, J. Buffle
11. Laser induced breakdown detection of environmental colloids, J.-I. Kim, C. Walther
12. Probing environmental particles with x-rays, J.F. Gaillard

May 2006: All chapters have been submitted to the publisher.

October 2006: project completed
Book published by Wiley
2007, ISBN 0-470-02432-1
> see book

Last update: 19 October 2007

<project announcement published in Chem. Int. Sep-Oct 2004 >

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