I  U  P  A  C

 

 

 

News & Notices

Organizations & People

Standing Committees

Divisions

Projects

Reports

Publications
. . CI
. . PAC
. . Macro. Symp.

. . Books
. . Solubility Data

Symposia

AMP

Links of Interest

Search the Site

Home Page

 

Pure Appl. Chem. 75(7), 889-903, 2003

Pure and Applied Chemistry

Vol. 75, Issue 7

Materials in thermodynamic potential gradients

M. Martin

Institute of Physical Chemistry,Aachen University of Technology, Templergraben 59, D-52056 Aachen, Germany

Abstract: In materials that are exposed to thermodynamic potential gradients (i.e., gradients of chemical potentials, electrical potential, temperature, or pressure), transport processes of the mobile components occur. These transport processes and the coupling between different processes are not only of fundamental interest, but are also the origin of degradation processes, such as kinetic demixing and decomposition and changes in the morphology of the material, all of which are of great practical relevance.Two classes of materials will be considered: semi-and ion-conducting oxides and ion-conducting halides. In oxides, kinetic demixing of the cations in a multicomponent oxide and kinetic decomposition of the oxide under the influence of an applied thermodynamic potential gradient will be considered for homovalent oxide solid solutions and for heterovalently doped oxides. In ion-conducting halides, the morphological stability of solid/solid interfaces, which are driven by an external electrical potential gradient, is studied. Monte Carlo simulations show that the morphological stability of the interface is determined by the difference in the ionic conductivities of the two crystals.

*Plenary lecture presented at the 17th IUPAC Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics (ICCT), Rostock, Germany, 28 July - 2 August 2002. Other presentations are published in this issue, pp.859 -936.


Page last modified 10 July 2003.
Copyright © 2003 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
Questions or comments about IUPAC, please contact, the Secretariat.
Questions regarding the website, please contact web manager.