J.
Miyamoto, H. Kaneo, D. H. Hutson, H. O. Esser,
S. Gorbach, E. Dorn
Blackwell Science,1988 [ISBN 0632022566]
One of the most difficult areas of toxicology
is the extrapolation of results obtained from experimental animals to
man. The common occurrence of species differences in a number of biological
processes confounds this extapolation. The metabolism of pesticides,
drugs and other foreign compounds is a very important determinant of
their toxicological effects. An understanding of species differences
in metabolism and the ability to predict or to study directly the metabolic
fate of a pesticide in man therefore are of great value in the validation
of animal models for man. This review is concerned with the factors
affecting species differences in the metabolism of foreign compounds
in experimental animals and man. Additionally, specific examples of
the metabolism of pesticides, drugs and industrial chemicals in man
are assessed and the approaches to the execution of metabolism studies
in humans proposed.
Contents
Introduction; Factors involved in species
differences in metabolism; Metabolism of pesticides; Metabolism of drugs;
Metabolism of food additives; Metabolism of industrial chemicals; Some
factors affecting metabolism in man; The study of metabolism using in
vitro techniques; The extrapolation of results in animals to man; Use
of stable isotope in metabolism studies; Ethical considerations in human
metabolism studies; Conclusions and recommendations
61 illustrations
128 pages